Orthodontic Research Today is a free monthly online journal that collates and summarizes the latest research about Orthodontic, including details on braces, retainers, treatment.

Determinants of enamel decalcification during simulated orthodontic treatment.

Hess E, Campbell PM, Honeyman AL, Buschang PH

a Private Practice, Baton Rouge, LA.

Abstract Objective: To determine the relative effects that phosphoric acid etching, metal brackets, composite resin adhesives, and filled resin sealants have on enamel decalcification. Materials and Methods: One hundred and fifty teeth were randomly divided into six groups to test the effects of acid etching, brackets, and a composite resin adhesive. The right side of each tooth was sealed. The teeth were submitted to a simulated carious challenge by Streptococcus mutans in a nutritive media for 42 days. Scanning electron photomicrographs (SEMs) were used to qualitatively evaluate the tooth surfaces. DIAGNOdent laser fluorescence was used to quantify the decalcification changes that occurred. Results: SEMs showed normal enamel on the control teeth, etching patterns on the acid-etched teeth, surface degradation on the teeth that had resin, and sealant tags on the sealed side. The untreated control group showed significantly less decalcification (P ≤ .05) than did all groups except the no etch+bracket group. The no etch+bracket group showed significantly less decalcification than did the etch+bracket, no etch+resin, and the etch+resin groups. Acid-etched teeth demonstrated significantly more decalcification (34%) than did those that were not etched. The teeth with resin showed significantly more decalcification (24%) than did those without resin. There was no significant difference between teeth that did and did not have brackets. The unsealed side of the teeth showed small amounts of-but significantly more-decalcification (5%) compared to the sealed side. Conclusions: Acid etching and composite resin adhesives increase enamel decalcification in vitro, while brackets do not. Filled resin sealants protect the teeth from decalcification.

Published 6 May 2011 in Angle Orthod.
Full-text of this article is available online (may require subscription).

Articles on Orthodontic published 3 May 2011:

Crohn's disease: Clinical manifestations of orthodontic interest.   Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop, 139(5): 704-7.

Crohn's disease is a chronic inflammation of the small intestine; it can involve other organs, such as the skin, eyes, lungs, and joints. Oral manifestations are common, especially ulcers and stomatitis, which macroscopically and histologically resemble those found in the gastrointestinal tract. However, orthodontic alterations are not yet known. This article reviews aspects related to the diagnosis of Crohn's disease and clinical considerations for an orthodontic patient. [Abstract] [Full-text]

Orthodontic treatment of bilateral geminated maxillary permanent incisors.   Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop, 139(5): 698-703.

Geminated teeth occur more frequently in the deciduous dentition than in the permanent dentition, with prevalence figures of 0.6% and 0.1%, respectively. Bilateral presentation is rare. A survey of the literature showed that the prevalence estimates for bilateral double teeth range from 0.01% to 0.04% in the deciduous dentition, and 0.05% in the permanent dentition. In this article, we report a rare case of bilateral fusion of the maxillary permanent incisors, discuss possible histogenetic ... [Abstract] [Full-text]

Orthodontic treatment for a patient with hypodontia involving the maxillary lateral incisors.   Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop, 139(5): 690-7.

Developmental absence of maxillary lateral incisors is not uncommon in orthodontic patients. Treatment depends on a number of factors, including skeletal pattern, type of malocclusion, overjet, and the shape and color of the canines. Management can be broadly divided into space closure, space opening or redistribution, and prosthetic replacement. The purpose of this article was to report the treatment of a girl with an Angle Class I malocclusion with missing maxillary lateral incisors and ... [Abstract] [Full-text]

Class III malocclusion with complex problems of lateral open bite and severe crowding successfully treated with miniscrew anchorage and lingual orthodontic brackets.   Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop, 139(5): 679-89.

In this article, we report the successful use of miniscrews in a patient with an Angle Class III malocclusion, lateral open bite, midline deviation, and severe crowding. Simultaneously resolving such problems with conventional Class III treatment is difficult. In this case, the treatment procedure was even more challenging because the patient preferred to have lingual brackets on the maxillary teeth. As a result, miniscrews were used to facilitate significant asymmetric tooth movement in the ... [Abstract] [Full-text]

Placement and removal torque values of orthodontic miniscrew implants.   Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop, 139(5): 669-78.

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Clinical outcomes assessment of consecutively finished patients in a 24-month orthodontic residency: A 5-year perspective.   Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop, 139(5): 665-8.

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Effect of antibacterial monomer-containing adhesive on enamel demineralization around orthodontic brackets: An in-vivo study.   Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop, 139(5): 650-6.

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Physical properties of root cementum: Part 18. The extent of root resorption after the application of light and heavy controlled rotational orthodontic forces for 4 weeks: A microcomputed tomography study.   Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop, 139(5): e495-503.

[Abstract] [Full-text]

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